AlexanderMurashko
Oneof the most prominent Ukrainian painters of the late XIX — early XX centuryAlexander Murashko born August 26, 1875 in Kiev, the family of AlexanderIvanovich iconographer ants. His uncle, Nicholas Murashko was famous culture,the founder of the Kyiv Drawing School. One of the most prominent Ukrainianpainters of the late XIX — early XX century Alexander Murashko born August 26,1875 in Kiev, the family of Alexander Ivanovich iconographer ants. His uncle,Nicholas Murashko was famous culture, the founder of the Kyiv Drawing School.
Alarge group of Ukrainian artists came from Kyiv Mykola Murashka drawing school(1844-1909), who was a famous art critic, author of popular books in its time«Memories of the old teacher, an outstanding educator, master oflithography, first in the Ukrainian graphic applied to illustrate children'sbooks and created illustrations for Andersen fairy tales. The school MurashkaNicholas, who from 1875 until 1901 was the center of artistic life in Kyiv,winning art education Kryzhytskyy, Pymonenkao, Dyadchenko, Kostenko,Yizhakevych, Cvitlytskyy, Krasytsky, Serov, Malevich. School attended andprovided her assistance Repin, Ge, Vrubel, Polish painter Jan Stanislavsky.Under the influence of an increasingly broader revitalization of scientificsocieties, including the Historical Society of Nestor the Chronicler,Scientific Society. Taras Shevchenko Kyiv cultural institutions and provincialCommons, South West Branch of the Russian Geographic Society, which wasattended by A., Lysenko, Chubynsky, Wolf, in people growing interest in itshistorical past, to folk art. In the visual arts of the time especially theintensive household and historical genres that allow you to display importantevents and developments current and past. A lot of artists turned to thehistorical genre, which implemented its national and patriotic feelings.
The childhood of the artist was in town Borzna in Chernihiv. Later thefamily moved to Kyiv, where his father opened the icon-painting workshops.Working in his father's painting studio and Mastering in iconographer Naumenko,Alexander Murashko graduated from the Kiev Theological College. In the late80's Professor Adrian Alexander Prakhov attracted to work on finishing theinterior of the Vladimir Cathedral in Kiev. Getting Prahova and Russian artistsVasnetsov, Nesterov, Wrubel, Kotarbinskym who worked on the paintings of thecathedral, encouraged the young man seriously study painting. Met resistancefather who wanted his son got religious education or a merchant, Alexanderleaves home for a long time is a loader on the Dnieper, is among vagrants,suffers hardship, poverty, however, leaves no ploy, colorful paints the commontypes of Kiev.1900 O. Murashko receives for the painting „BurialKosh“ title with the right artist mesionerskoyi travel abroad. Since 1901A. Murashko is in Germany, Italy, where he performs a number of works whichrefers to the Academy as a report by mesionerske travel. In February 1902 theAcademy extends the mission and offering Murashko internship in Paris, where hecreates a series of brilliant paintings, including „Portrait of a girl ina red hat“, inspired by then popular in Europe, impressionistic manner.1904 Murashko returns to Petersburg, participates in a „New Society ofArtists.Mesionerske travel abroad Murashko allowed to plunge into a whirlwindof rapid artistic life of the major European art centers, Paris and Munich,where he stays until 1907. Various, often radically opposed in their artisticdirection of flow directions and not left behind creative research master inthe field of color and form. But most were his soul to reach the FrenchImpressionists, through which his palette becomes clearer, dekoratyvnishoyu,emotionally nasnazhenishoyu, juicy, and the disclosure of the nature images inthe portraits — ekspresyvnishym. It was in Paris Murashko created one of themost effective of these works, “Girl in red hat» (1902-1903), whichis one of the best achievements of the Ukrainian portrait of the twentiethcentury. Abroad Murashko also created a series of paintings, which describedthe life of Paris and Parisians («Parisian», «Café»,«Parisian cafe,» At the Cafe "), successfully combined thecolorful achievements of impressionism with a delicate psychological,compositional expression. In 1911 became a member of Munich Murashkosecessionism, the annual exhibition. 1913 created a glorious picture of the«Peasant Family». In 1910-ies Murashko teacher at the Kiev ArtCollege as a professor, in 1913, together with A. Krueger-Prahova offersprivate studio that lasted until 1917. After the February Revolution, theartist took an active part in the Ukrainian Academy of Arts. 1919 O. Murashkokilled by bandits. In the second half of the XIX Century in Ukraine intensifiednationalist movement that called for a powerful creative life force of thepeople. On the influence of Repin Murashka already shows that under RyepinovyhZaporozhets he played competitive diploma work «Burial Kosh. In theworkshop Repin Alexander Murashko went with many Ukrainian artists, includingMr. Martinovich, O. Slastion, S. Vasilkovsky. The basis of the great monumentalpaintings charged story of life Zaporizhzhya Sich. An artist with great skilldescribed feeling Zaporozhian-Cossacks who solemnly accompanied the lastjourney of his chieftain. As Repin in Zaporozhets, Murashko among the centralcharacters depicted famous Cossack Ivan Sirko. However, creativity-portrait byRepin, who overcame academic convention, was a bold innovator in presenting theinner world portretovanyh, focusing on the best psychological models ofEuropean paintings, determined and creative searches Alexander ants. For hisfirst significant work as a portrait — »Portrait of a Girl" — shows asignificant impact ryepinskoyi energetic style of writing, poetry in presentingthe image. At the same time on the creative manner Murashka-portrait had anoticeable impact creativity Serov, where the inherent refinement of artistictaste, artistic reproduction of the deepest nuances of human experiences bymeans of fine art. An important feature Murashka as an artist and citizen, washis active participation in the development of Ukrainian school of art. Hisexperience over from the Repin and Nikolai Murashka, he successfully used as ateacher of the Kyiv Drawing School and later at the Kiev Art School and theirown studio, open it with the artist A. Krueger-Prahova in Kiev in 1913. In hissystem of teaching Murashko refused mechanical copying of plaster and deadnature. He, like the French impressionists, taught young artists work only onwildlife are constantly advised to observe and record life in all its forms,the students developed a keen sense of color, he prepared them to be thisdiligent students of nature. His concept evolved in the Wake of the overalldevelopment of Ukrainian culture that sought after centuries of spiritualenslavement to revive old traditions, including the Ukrainian school ofpainting. Murashko was actively involved with his creativity and teaching atthe National revival times of the Ukrainian State. Together with Boychuk,Narbut, Alexander Krichevsky creates the Ukrainian Academy of Arts. The bestworks Murashka — «Portrait of a girl in a red hat» and «PeasantFamily» — Ukrainian painting presented to the best world achievements ofthe twentieth century. Murashko killed by bandits in the prime of his creativelife. The circumstances of his death and still not addressed and remainmysterious, like the sudden and mysterious death in the same years of Ukrainianculture devotees Steshenka Ivan, Nikolai Leontovich, Alexandra Efimenko,Theodore Wolf, George Narbuta.