The development of computers in ukraine and the former USSR
The government and the authorities had paid serious attention to the development of the computer industry right after the Second
World War. The leading bodies considered this task to be one of the principal for the national economy.
Up to the beginning of the 1950s there were only small productive capacities which
specialized in the producing accounting and account-perforating (punching) machines. The electronic numerical computer engineering was only arising and
the productive capacities for it were close to the naught.
The first serious steps in the development of production base were made initially
in the late 1950s when the work on creating the first industry samples of the electronic counting machines was finished and there were created M-20,
“Ural-1”, “Minsk-1”, which together with their semi-conductor successors (M-220, “Ural-11-14”, “Minsk-22” and“Minsk-32”) created in the 1960s were
the main ones in the USSR until the computers of the third generation were put into the serial production, that is until the early 1970s.
In the 1960s the science-research and assembling base was enlarged. As the result
of this measures, all researches connected with creating and putting into the serial production of semi-conductor electronic computing machines were almost
finished. That allowed to stop the production of the first generation machines beginning from the 1964.
Next decades the whole branch of the computer engineering had been created. The
important steps were undertaken to widen the productive capacities for the 3d
generation machines.
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