Birth Defects Essay, Research Paper
Many babies are born in the United States each year with some type of birth defect or disorder. Some disorders can include Cacemogens, Sickle Cell anemia, Mutagens, Down syndrome, Mental retardation and Cerebral Palsy, with these disorders defects can include blindness, deafness, Speech impediment and some may have bone impairment making it hard for children or adults to use any of their limbs. Some of these defects are genetic some genetic disorders form at birth and develop later on in life. Many conditions can develop in hidden was, neither parent may not have the disorder but may carry the gene or trait. Other non-genetic reason occurs because of exposure to drug alcohol, cigarettes and chemicals, such as medication both prescribed and non-prescribed can have a negative effective on the embryo and developing fetus.Drugs as mentioned before can damage an unborn child. Drugs such as heroin, morphine, crack, cocaine, marijuana and other types of drugs can leave the fetus addicted to drugs and possibly physically crippled or mentally disabled. Though many babies are born addicted to drugs, the use of drugs while pregnant is not the only way the developing fetus can gain disabilities. Most people inherit the blood factor. Those with specific defects are not always severely handicapped impairment may be minor.Doctors are sometimes not aware of the actions taken, causing some disabilities. One unknown disorder is Mutagens, which can cause permanent changes in the genetic forms of cells. These changes can lead to serious developmental problems or death. Doctors are not aware of what causes this disorder or what people can do to prevent this. Another unknown incurable disorder is Cacemogens, which are substances capable of increasing the risk of cancer.A well-known disability that doctors are aware of is Sickle cell Anemia. Sickle Cell Anemia is one disorder that the parents may have hidden traits, both parents may have the sickle cell trait that can cause the child to inherit full-blown Sickle cell Anemia. In a person with Sickle cell Anemia lack of oxygen causes the red blood to assume a crescent shape. These cells can not glide smoothly through the capillaries. The cells then join and keep the blood from circulating. This makes a person weak and may cause yellow in the eyes and can make a person mentally disabled. Another well known disorder is a person with Down syndrome this disorder is very recognizable. The cause of this condition is “a chromosomal error in the process of cell division of the ovum. People with Down syndrome usually have a problem speaking, have a learning disability and a defect with their hand and ears.Another examples of a known birth defect is Mental Retardation people with IQ’s of 70 or lower are generally classified as Mentally retarded. Retarded or mentally disabled people have limited ability to learn and can be further handicapped by emotional and physical disabilities. Some causes of mental retardation includes defects in the developing embryo, diseases and disorders of the nervous system, and brain injury in early life. Most Mentally retarded people may be only mildly retarded with IQ’s that range from 50 to 70 and can function in most of day to day living. Cerebral Palsy is another popular disorder. CP is a disorder that damages the brain during fetal development or at birth. The major symptoms are impairment of volunteer movement (movement of all limbs) which manifests itself by impaired speech, facial expressions. Many people with CP are prone to conclusive seizures.In Conclusion the Disorders named above are just a few to be named. There are many different types of disorders. Disorders such as dwarfism and MS these diseases are also well recognized. These disorders can effect many people. They effect the people around them as well as the people with the disorder themselves.