Реферат по предмету "Лингвистика"


Использование микропроцессорной техники для управления электроприводами

TravellingMillions of people all over the world spend their holidaystravelling. The time spent on travelling is never wasted. Travelling is a source of emotional andromantic feelings. People travel for pleasure or for business. They travel toknow other cultures and traditions. Travelling enrich and abroaden people smind. People travel to see othercountries and continents modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns. Theytravel to enjoy picturesque places or just for a change of


scenes. It is always interesting to discover newthings, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms. People travel spending their timevisiting museums and art galleries, places of interest, looking at the shop windowsand dining at exotic restaurants.Most travelers andholiday-makers take a camera with them and take pictures of everything thatinterests them the sights of a city, old churches and castles


views ofmountains, lakes, valleys, plains, waterfalls, forests, different kind oftrees, birds, plants and animals.People who wish to traveleither for pleasure or on business have at their disposal various means oftransport. They travel by plain, by train, by ship, by boat, by car, by bus, onfoot - or hikes and sometimes it happenseven by bike around the globe. All means of transport have their advantages anddisadvantages.


All people chose one according to their plans and dictation. 1 If you want to get somewhere as quickly aspossible, especially if you are short in time, the best way is that to travelby plain. It s better to book ticket s in advance. You know that travelling byplain is the fastest and the means expensive means of travelling because issaves a lot of time. On the appointed day youarrive to the airport by car two hours before your light.


You have to do someformalities you fill in a declaration form where you indicate the kind ofvaluables and amount of currency you are bringing from the country. Then youregister weigh and label your luggage. Each passenger is allowed 20 kilos ofluggage free of charge, no more. If you have too many lug you have to payextra. Together with other passengers you pass through the custom control whereyour passport and visa are


checked up. Your luggage and documents are inspectedand you are allowed to pass towards the plain.As soon as all thepassengers take their seats the stewardess gives all the information about theflight, speed and altitude. The stewardess announces the name of pilot and thecrew. Then she asks all the passengers to adjust their seats in recliningposition and fasten seat belts. She promises them to be provided with a hotmeat and soft drinks on the way as soon as the plain reaches


the altitude. Thestewardess helps everybody get comfortable in seats and wish them a pleasantflight. The average speed of the modern aircraftpassenger our flight is accomplished at speed of 90 miles an hour at altitudeof 11000 meters.Inside the cabin air is always fresh and warm. When onboard theplain you can read watch TV or take a nap. Comfort speed and perfect servicemake a trip by plane comfortable.


Two or three hours lateryour flight is safely accomplished and you land at the airport of destination.How does the stewardessmake information a boars the plane?Ladies and Gentlemen! We are glad to great you on board our plane liner and wish you a happy flight. Our flight is accomplished at speed of 90,miles an hour at altitude of 11000 meters. The plane lands at New York airportsat 5 30 am.При взл те


Your attention, please! Ourplain is taking off in some minutes. Move your armchairs in a recliningposition and fasten belts of safety. Be ready for flight.Затем our plain has already accomplished the full altitude. You will beprovided soft drinks and hot meals in few minutes.2 Though we all seen to agree that the future belongs to airtransport.


The railroad today still carry a lot of passengers and goods. Ifyou make up your mind to travel by train so you have to book seats in advance.You can make a reservation ten days before. It s better to by ticketsbeforehand because it s always difficult to get tickets on day of departureespecially in summer, when the season is in full swing and there are a lot oftravelers.Besides,nobody likes queuing at the booking office on hot summer day.


Travellingby train is slower then by plane, but it has it s advantages. When on board thetrain you can watch the picturesque places you are passing through. Your tripbecomes more exiting and happy if you are among the pleasant group of friends.When on board the train you can combine speed, comfort, rest and perfectservice.For example you get on board the overnight train in the evening andyou know for sure that after a calm


night in comfortable berth your arrivesafely to the point of your destination.There are several kinds oftrains passenger trains, through trains, non-stopping, stopping trains, longdistance trains, day coach, an express, overnight trains and so on.You choose any train youlike and prefer. You buy a first class sleeper single and return ticket andwhen the day of your departure comes you go to the railway station by taxi.


You like to travel light only first essentials, but this time you have lots of luggage. You look for theporter who takes care of your suitcases. He puts your things on the trunk,labels them and pushes towards your train. Meanwhile you go to the informationwindow to know exactly what platform and what track does your train leave from?Besides you d like the time of departure and arrival of your train, and if youdo any change.


Now you know that yourtrain is a through one and you needn t to change one train to another. So you go to the platform where your trainand luggage are waiting for you. The Guard helps you withyour swats and luggage. After having packed your luggage and cases you havesome minutes left and you decide to drop into the refreshment room have a biteand soft drinks. You go to the newspaper stand to bye papers and magazines.


Then in company of your friends and close relatives who came to see you off,you are walking up and down the platform before the train starts. Soon the guard announces all aboard pleas, our train leaves in 5 minutes. The train starts according theschedule. When on board the trainthe guard takes care of passengers. He shows them their seats, bringsbedclothes, helps to make a bed and wishes the passengers to find journey betrain comfortable.You are lucky to have twolower berths.


You choose one facing to engine. Half an hour later the porterasks you if you feel like having a cup of tea. 3 Many People enjoy travelling by sea. Such atravailing is called voyage or cruise, and is mostly for those who are going onholiday and want to have a pleasant voyage. On boars a large cruise ship peopletraverse oceans and visit other countries. The ship stops excursions. Crossingthe ocean is wonderful and long voyage.


The only drawback is seasickness. Sobefore starting on a voyage you should find out whether you suffer from it ornot.When on board the ship you spend a lot of time on the upper deckwatching the store and the passing by ships. It s impossible to forgetwonderful sunsets and sunrises that you can watch from the deck. It sunforgettable sight you have ever seen. Once on board the ship you can realizethat the dream of yours has coma true, and you can remember it


for the rest ofyour life.4 Many people prefer totravel by car or by bus. It can be a trip not far from your home to explore thenearby towns and cities. It can be a long journey even to foreign country.Modern buses have comfortable seats, video, phone and fridge. So you can havehot tea or coffee and snack. The greatest advantage ofsuck travelling is that you can stop whenever and where ever you like and


youare not bound of any shadule. you start from your front door and take any roadyou like.While travelling by caryou can enjoy picturesque views of places you are passing through. You can seea lot of sights and things in short time. You can take anything you need to eator to drink with you, but sometimes drop for a meal into a motel or road cafe,or simply have a picnic in the open air.


5 Some people likespending their holidays travelling on foot. They call such walks hikes. Youtake your rucksack and the tent with you and don t think of any tickets. Thismean of travelling has a lot of advantages. The main advantage is that you setoff on hikes and stop whenever and wherever you like you stop when you d liketo have rest or admire picturesque countryside. You can enjoy the beauty ofnature, enjoy the beauty of places rarely visited be other travelers.


On yourway you can watch a lot of interesting things.Such trip is exiting ifyou are among the pleasant group of friends and if the weather is favorable.I think the onlydisadvantage of such trip is your heavy rucksack witch weighs sometimes morethan 10-15 kilos and you want to throw it away. That s why when hiking I takeonly firs essentials. Travelling on foot youwalk a lot just watching the wild life.


While travelling on foot you are not ina hurry and you spent the whole days in the open air you spend your nightsunder the tent in the rainy days and under the open starry sky when the weatheris fine.There are other ways oftravelling. If you are an adventurer you can travel by hitch hiking, bicycleor on horseback.So, in one word,travelling is very exiting and emotional thing. It s the most wise method ofspending the spare time.


It s the best way to study geography and the pest wayto know and understand people, their culture, history and traditions.



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