The cities of USA.
Plan:
Introduction. America. Where to live?
Capital of the World. New York.
Alaska. Anchorage. The Russian soul.
LA.
City of Angels.
Chicago. The faces of its people.
Boston. City or University?
Miami. Wellcome to Paradise!
Salt Lake City. Home of Olimpic magie.
1. Introduction. America. Where to live?
The USA is a very huge country. By its territory it
stands on the third place after Russia and Canada. But of course the territory
is nothing without the people leaving there and the cities that they build.
Imagine you want to go to live in the United states because of some of your
reasons, and imagine also you have no relatives and no friends there. But you
have the freedom and enough money to leave in any place and in any city in
America. What you choose? Little city somwhere on the seashore where you can
see how the sun set, or the big meropolitan conglomerat from which you can
reach any country in the world? All the cities have their advantages and
disadvantages. Let’s we examine some of them!
2. Capital of the World. New York.
The first city which we are going to view as a
possible place of living is… New York
of course. There is a proverb that Pares is the capital of Europe and New York
is the capital of the world. Of course after well-known events of 11 of
September New York lost a lot of its power but anyway it remains one of the
biggest cities of America. At first a little glance to the history…
Its
supoorters hailed the creation of Greater New York as an event of historic
significance on a par with the founding of Rome. Yet in the early light of Jan.
1, 1898, things didn't appear too different from before. No one among the five
boroughs' 3.5 million residents proposed starting a new calendar, as the Romans
had, ab urbe condita, "from the founding of the city."
In the
sprawling slums of New York, the so-called other half lived as it always had,
mostly hand to mouth. The tenement districts, concentrated near the Manhattan
and Brooklyn shorelines, were home to notoriously squalid and overcrowded
conditions, a source of misery to those who endured them and a concern to those
who studied them.
Activists
like Lillian Wald tried to relieve the physical suffering of the immigrant poor
and help them find means of escape. Others were increasingly alarmed by the
increasing presence of foreigners. In 1902, almost 500,000 immigrants landed at
Ellis Island. By the end of the decade, the annual total reached a million. A
quarter of them stayed in New York.
In
1908, Police Commissioner Theodore Bingham published an article in The North
American Review in which he contended that at least half the city's criminals
were Jews. The face of Italian immigrants, wrote Charles Bancroft, a doctor who
worked on Ellis Island, displayed "a lack of intelligence." A
powerful clique of eugenicists began to argue that the new immigrants from
Eastern and Southern Europe were genetically prone to crime, disease and
depravity and should be kept out.
The
attention of those who worried about the future of Greater New York wasn't
limited to the behavior of the most newly arrived.
In
1899, Mark Twain wrote that if the United States were really interested in
overthrowing corrupt and oppressive tyranny, it should send the Marines to occupy
Tammany Hall instead of to fight insurrectionists in the Philippines.
Presiding
over the new metropolis was Mayor Robert Van Wyck, handpicked for the job by
the Tammany Hall boss Richard Croker. In 1899, the Mazet Investigation,
pursuing yet another exposé of municipal corruption, put Croker on the
stand. Asked if he was working for his own pocket, Croker retorted, "All
the time, same as you."
An
immigrant himself, part of the wave of Irish inundating the city in the 1840's
and 50's, Croker was at once crass, cynical and sophisticated. He helped assert
the newcomers' presence in the one area in which their numbers mattered:
politics.
Yet
when his candidate for mayor was defeated in 1901, even Croker seemed to
recognize that his New York - the wide-open town of sports and pleasure hounds
-- was done for. In spring 1902, he took his spoils and sailed into exile.
The
leadership of Tammany Hall passed to Charles Francis Murphy. The new boss
understood that his increasingly Jewish and Italian constituents wanted more
than crumbs of political patronage or the occasional satisfaction of sticking a
thumb in the eye of the patrician elite. Along with his protégés,
Al Smith and Robert Wagner, Murphy put Tammany Hall in pursuit of winning
elections by supporting significant social and economic reform.
The
cleanup of New York had been gathering momentum for a generation. Backed by an
alliance of clergy, industrialists and moral crusaders, the attack on
corruption, rowdiness and overt sexual misconduct intersected with the rising
tide of progressivism. Oscar Wilde had once admonished a New York audience that
"in the race between vice and virtue, the wise money will be on vice, no
matter what handicaps are laid upon it." But it was virtue, at and immediate
sign that a new day had arrived was the astounding physical transformation that
soon followed the consolidation. By the time Croker left New York in 1902, the
long-awaited subway was halfway completed. The newly finished Flatiron Building
punctuated the city's emerging verticality. A second East River crossing, the
Manhattan Bridge, was under way. A third was planned.
In
November 1902, Harper's Weekly judged that it was "as if some mighty force
were astir beneath the ground, hour by hour pushing up structures that a dozen
years ago would have been inconceivable." By mid-century, Harper's
predicted, New York would be a world capital "unrivaled in magnitude,
splendor and power." A month later, the City Council took a giant step in
that direction when it granted the Pennsylvania Railroad the right to carry out
a construction program to join its western and Long Island lines in a Manhattan
terminal.
It was
one of the largest nongovernment projects ever undertaken, and the master plan
called for tunnels beneath the Hudson and East Rivers, electrified tracks,
signals and switches, a power plant in Long Island City, sprawling train yards
in Sunnyside and the world's largest railroad-arch bridge, over Hell Gate. The
capstone was the colossal new train station to be built in midtown.
In
charge of the station's construction was Charles Follen McKim, of McKim, Mead
& White, then the country's most prestigious architecture firm; McKim's
Beaux-Arts design was predicated on the conviction that form didn't follow
function, but magnified and ennobled it. McKim intended that Pennsylvania
Station would never be mistaken for a mere terminal or a transfer point. The
towering travertine columns, glass roofs and soaring interiors told all who
entered that they had arrived in a metropolis as self-assured and powerful as
any on earth.
Ground
was broken in 1904. In the six years it took to complete Penn Station, the city
continued to molt its skin. A magnificent library rose on the site of the old
Croton Reservoir on 42d Street. The ramshackle Grand Central Terminal was torn
down and a stunning replacement soon graced midtown. The Singer Building pushed
the skyline to new heights. The seedy stables and saloons around Longacre
Square gave way to a new theater district, and the area itself, at the behest
of the newspaper that built its headquarters there in 1904, was renamed Times
Square.
The
first decade of Greater New York had its share of turmoil and tragedy. Racial
disturbances broke out in the Tenderloin district in 1900. The 1904 fire aboard
the steamship General Slocum killed more than a thousand people. A financial
panic hit Wall Street in 1907.
Yet the
poised expanse of Pennsylvania Station, with its blend of Roman splendor and
American industrial might, testified to the city's underlying confidence and
optimism. Like the mighty Ozymandias of Shelley's poem, it embodied the
exuberant delusion that there are human achievements so grandly conceived and
imposingly constructed that they are immune to time and the wrecking ball.
3. Alaska. Anchorage. The Russian soul.
At all
all the history of America is the history of immigrants. They had brought their
own culture and rules to the territories where they inhabite. It is very
interesting to see America like a mosaic of diffrent cultures, and without the
every part of that mosaic it canùt be the full picture. But for us, for
Russian people the post interesting part of America is of course Alaska. There
we feel the precence of Russian spirit.
On
March 30, 1867, the United States purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2
million, about two cents an acre; "Seward's Folly" many called it,
after Secretary of State William H. Seward. On January 3, 1959, Alaska, with a
land mass larger than Texas, California and Montana combined, became the 49th
state in the union. It is a large state, 1/5 the size of all the other states
together, reaching so far to the west that the International Date Line had to
be bent to keep the state all in the same day. It's also the only U.S. state
extending into the Eastern Hemisphere. In Alaska, the "family car" has
wings, vegetables and fruit grow to two times their normal size and moose
interrupt golf games when they feel like it.
The
name "Alaska" was used by the Russians to refer only to the
peninsula. This name was used by the United States to refer first to the entire
Territory and then to the State after its purchase in 1867.
The
name "Alaska" is taken from the Aleut word
"aláxsxaq" that refers to an object to which the sea is
directed, in this case the mainland.
The
biggest city of Alaska is Anchorage. Anchorage has a maritime climate modified
by its 61 degree north latitude and by continental influences. Summers are cool
and winters are cold. However, Anchorage does not experience the seasonal
temperature extremes of interior Alaska or the north-central U.S. Total precipitation
for Anchorage is only 15.91 inches per year, with the greatest amount being
recorded in late summer and fall. Total snowfall averages 69.3 inches, but is
mostly light and dry, i.e. low in water content. Reflecting its northerly
latitude, Anchorage experiences dramatic seasonal swings in the amount of
daylight, ranging from a low of about 5.5 hours per day in mid-December to a
high of over 19 hours in mid-June.
Suggesting
our intention to find a place to live somwhere in America, Anchorage is maybe
not the best place to live, but of cource it merit our attention. Only th
eproblem with a cold climate. Let’ s we petter take a look of the Western coast
of USA. There the climate is better and the people is more friendly. There
where the Hoolywood is situated and where th edreams come true. We go to Los
Angeles!
4. LA. City of Angels.
The mayor of LA is a
very ambitious person. He take care about every point of social life of his
city. Here is, for example, the extract from his program «Dine LA»: “I want to encourage everyone to dine out every Tuesday and Thursday so
that Los Angeles residents can get back to their normal daily lives and keep
our economy on track,” said Mayor Hahn, who dined at Fabiolus Café, one
of the participating restaurants. “You will not only get a great meal, but
you’ll be helping local businesses.” Really very good place to live if even the
mayor is so concerned about what his people eat.
Also what can be one of
convinience to live in Los Angeles is that it is a big port. The harbor was an active shipping
center in 1897 when a federal panel selected San Pedro Bay over other coastal
communities as the site for development of a major port. Construction of the
breakwater began in 1899. In 1906, the City of Los Angeles annexed a 16-mile
strip of unincorporated land from its southern border to a waterfront tract in
San Pedro Bay, which was christened Harbor City.
On
December 9, 1907, the Los Angeles City Council created the Los Angeles Board of
Harbor Commissioners, marking the official founding of the Port of Los Angeles.
In the
early part of this century, the Port bustled with longshore gangs unloading
millions of board feet of lumber for local construction projects. Thousands of
commercial fishermen and workers in a dozen canneries were involved in catching
and processing tuna. More than 20,000 ship builders were working in four yards
on various cargo and tanker vessels. Busy and colorful commercial areas sprang
up adjacent to the Port to accommodate these workers as well as the ship crews
that would be in port of up to 10 days at a time.
The
Port today may seem almost serene by comparison, yet it is part of the largest
container complex in the United States, handling 3000 vessel arrivals a year,
some of which transport as many as 5,000 cargo containers each voyage. A
gateway for international commerce and an economic engine for the region, the
Port supports one out of every 24 jobs in Southern California.
In 1997 APL Limited's Global Gateway South opens.
Considered to be one of the world's largest and most technologically advanced
ocean and rail container terminals. The Los Angeles Export Facility opens,
serving as a West Coast gateway for exporting high-grade steam coal and
petroleum coke from the western United States to industrialized countries in
Asia. Terminal Island Container Transfer Facility completed, responding to the
needs of Evergreen and NYK Line for on-dock intermodal capability. This 47-acre
facility allows for the direct transfer of containers to and from ships and railcars.
In 1999
World's largest shipping line, Maersk Sealand, commits to be the Port's
exclusive customer at Pier 400. New partnership estimated to bring the Port $2
billion over a 25-year lease.
In 2000
the completion of Pier 400 Dredging and Landfill Programat last happened, the
largest such project in America, a significant milestone in positioning the
Port to accommodate the tremendous growth in international trade well into the
21st century.
And now
let us take the Angel walk, how the native citizens call the look of their
city.
Los
Angeles - the City of Angels - is a city built on dreams. The dream of the
immigrant seeking a new beginning, the dream of Hollywood with its promise of a
life of glamour and riches, the dream of wide open spaces and sunny golden
days. In the Bunker Hill/Historic Core Angels Walk you will experience these
dreams in the L.A. that exists today, in an L.A. that thrived almost a century
ago and in an L.A. that existed only in imagination. You'll see a Victorian's
view of what a futuristic building would look like in the year 2000 and its
splendors will take your breath away. Shop for pigs' snouts and exotic
medicinal roots in a bustling indoor-market. Hear water fountains crash like
ocean waves in a dramatic water garden that covers more than an acre. See a
headless businessman take out his frustrations on an office building and see a
library topped by a golden pyramid. Journey through the pages of Raymond
Chandler and through the scripts of Blade Runner, Speed, Who Framed Roger Rabbit
and Chinatown. Ride into history on the shortest railway in the world. All this
and more is here in Downtown Los Angeles within a square mile (or two). And you
can see them all just by taking a short journey. There we can find also Victor
Clothing Company a 100-foot tall mural depicting Anthony Quinn in his Oscar
winning role as Zorba the Greek by mural artist Eloy Torrez, adorns the Victor
Clothing Company, a prominent establishment specializing in wedding outfits.
The star-struck owner felt that the accomplished actor, though portraying a
Greek, exuded his Latin presence. The Broadway of course, which offers a
colorful variety of shops and eateries in an open bazaar-like atmosphere. Music
wafts out of many of the stores on this highly successful and important retail
thoroughfare creating a very lively street scene. And as a simbol of LA The Million Dollar Theater. The Million
Dollar Theater is one of America's first motion picture palaces. It was built
with a flourish by showman Sid Grauman in 1918 at a cost of $1 million. The
theater was designed by William L. Woolett, and its flamboyant facade is in the
architectural style known as Churrigueresque. Mary Pickford and Charlie Chaplin
were among those who attended the opening night, February 1, 1918. The
2,200-seat auditorium resembles a Spanish Colonial cathedral. The floors above
the theater once housed the offices of The Metropolitan Water District. William
Mulholland was the visionary chief engineer and was responsible for (some might
say guilty of) creating the water supply that fueled L. A.'s spectacular growth
in the 20's, 30's and 40's. The movie Chinatown dramatized this story providing
even more mystery and intrigue. The offices were later converted into
apartments, where it is said some of Hollywood's most notable faces had
residences.
Everybody
in LA obligatory tell you the story of famous LA aqueduct. This is the story of
how the dream of a few far-sighted people at the turn of the 20th Century
became a reality. Follow the links below for details on how the Los Angeles
Aqueduct was conceived and built.
Over
the years, construction crews set numerous records for miles of tunnel cut and
length of pipe installed. The Los Angeles Board of Public Works estimated that
crews could dig eight feet of tunnel per day at each tunnel end, for a total of
16 feet per day. Crews dug more than 22 feet per day while constructing the
five-mile Elizabeth Tunnel. They finished the tunnel 20 months earlier than the
Board's estimate of five years. After World War II, the City began the Mono
Basin Project as a way of providing a larger and more dependable flow in the
Los Angeles Aqueduct. Four of Mono Lake's seven tributary streams, Lee Vining,
Parker, Walker and Rush Creeks, were tapped for export to Los Angeles through
an 11-mile tunnel. Crowley Lake and Grant Lake were also built as part of the
Mono Basin Project. The completion of the Second Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1970
and the City's plans to augment the Aqueduct flow with Owens Valley groundwater
prompted renewed local protests. Inyo County filed suit against Los Angeles
under the new California Environmental Quality Act, seeking an Environmental
Impact Report on new aqueduct. In 1984, after years of disagreements and court
hearings, Inyo County and Los Angeles entered into an Agreement to produce a
EIR together. Mulholland, who was thy mayor of LA in 80-th, truly had a vision when he looked to the
Eastern Sierra and envisioned an aqueduct to bring water to a growing city. Los
Angeles has become the nation's second largest city because of his decision to
find another reliable water supply.
OK, now
we now a lot of facts about this marvelous city and will keep it in mind untill
the moment we have to make final desision where to live. But to have a choice
we should see some other cities. How it will looks like if we go to… Chicago! Probably
we find there the traces of romantic and bloody history of Al Capone?
5. Chicago. The faces of its people.
At all what we know about Al Capone? He is America's best known gangster and the single greatest symbol of
the collapse of law and order in the United States during the 1920s Prohibition
era. Capone had a leading role in the illegal activities that lent Chicago its
reputation as a lawless city. Capone arrived in Chicago in 1919 and moved his
family into a house at 7244 South Prairie Avenue. Capone controlled
speakeasies, bookie joints, gambling houses, brothels, horse and race tracks,
nightclubs, distilleries and breweries at a reported income of $100,000,000 a
year. He even acquired a sizable interest in the largest cleaning and dyeing
plant chain in Chicago.
We see
now that Chicago is more known not of his museams, art galeries or shops, but
by the people and events. The most known of the is the Chicago fire.
The
summer of 1871 was very dry, leaving the ground parched and the wooden city
vulnerable. On Sunday evening, October 8, 1871, just after nine o'clock, a fire
broke out in the barn behind the home of Patrick and Catherine O'Leary at 13
DeKoven Street. How the fire started is still unknown today, but an O’Leary cow
often gets the credit. The firefighters, exhausted from fighting a large fire
the day before, were first sent to the wrong neighborhood. When they finally
arrived at the O'Leary's, they found the fire raging out of control. The blaze
quickly spread east and north. Wooden houses, commercial and industrial
buildings, and private mansions were all consumed in the blaze. After two days,
rain began to fall. On the morning of October 10, 1871, the fire died out, leaving
complete devastation in the herat of the city. At least 300 people were dead,
100,000 people were homeless, and $200 million worth of property was destroyed.
The entire central business district of Chicago was leveled. The fire was one
of the most spectacular events of the nineteenth century, and it is recognized
as a major milestone in the city's history.
The
great link with the Chicago-city has the name Pullman. In Chicago, the name
Pullman has many different meanings: a neighborhood, a railroad car, an
industrialist. The story of Pullman starts with one man's idea for a luxury
railroad car, which eventually led to his dream of a utopian worker community.
That dream resulted in one of Chicago's greatest 19th century labor
disputes-and the end of Pullman's utopia. George Mortimer Pullman was born in
western New York in 1831, where he worked as a county store clerk and a
cabinetmaker. When he moved to Chicago in 1859, he coordinated teams of
laborers who raised and moved buildings, a service desperately needed by a city
built largely on swampland. Despite this successful career, Pullman had a
strong interest in revolutionizing the railway sleeping car. He had once
traveled overnight from Buffalo to Westfield in New York and his accommodations
were so uncomfortable that he spent the entire evening devising a new railcar
design. The Pioneer, Pullman's first attempt at a luxury car, initially failed
because it was too wide for railway platforms and bridges and the railroads
refused to accommodate it. But after the Pullman car was included as part of
President Lincoln's funeral train in May 1865, both Pullman and his car
received national publicity and soon became famous for luxury train travel. In
1867, at the age of 36, Pullman established the Chicago-based Pullman Palace
Car Company. The luxuries of a Pullman Palace Car included freshly prepared
gourmet meals, dining cars, chandeliers, electric lighting, table lamps with
silk shades, leather seating, and advanced heating and air conditioning
systems. As the railway network and cross-country travel increased, the desire
of passengers to travel in one of these luxury cars grew too, just as Pullman
had predicted.
In
1880, after purchasing 4,000 acres of land near Lake Calumet, Pullman began
building his model company town named for himself in Hyde Park (then a suburb
south of Chicago). He hired architect Solon Beman and landscape designer Nathan
Barrett to develop a place where "all that would promote the health,
comfort, and convenience of a large working population would be conserved, and
. . . many of the evils to which they [laborers] are ordinarily exposed [are]
made impossible." Pullman differed from other communities in that it was
privately owned, a distinguishing feature with both positive and negative aspects.
From the outside, the town of Pullman was a wonder. All buildings were made of
brick; the nicest homes, which accommodated managers, resembled English row
houses. Pullman's large Arcade building--which featured a restaurant, a bank, a
library, a post office, a theater, and numerous shops--foreshadowed the modern
shopping center. Unlike the city's working-class neighborhoods, in Pullman the
shops were set apart from the residences, which George Pullman felt created a
more tranquil environment. Not far from the Arcade sat the Hotel Florence,
named after Pullman's daughter, where the town's many visitors stayed while
viewing the great model city. In the wake of the 1886 Haymarket Affair and the
violent strike of 1877, public sentiment was quick to turn against labor.
President Cleveland sent federal troops to Chicago on July 4 to protect the
Pullman factory. Although Debs advocated that the strikers refrain from
violence, various riots occurred between July 5 and 7. Although it is unclear
who initiated these riots, these events resulted in hundreds of burned
(non-Pullman) railroad cars, several wounded soldiers and civilians, and six
dead rioters. By July 10, federal troops broke the railroad blockade and trains
began moving. Shortly thereafter, Debs was arrested for contempt and sentenced
to six months in jail. The strike officially ended on July 12, 1894. Although
the strike collapsed, George Pullman's model for handling the "labor
problem" had failed. Pullman had prided himself on his paternalistic approach
with his workers, and he could not see how his heavy-handed methods had
resulted in this worker rebellion. Criticized and scorned, Pullman died a
bitter man in 1897. To prevent his body from being stolen or desecrated by
angry employees, Pullman had made special provisions for his burial in
Chicago's Graceland Cemetery. His casket consists of a lead-lined box covered
in one inch of asphalt, and rests in an eight-foot-deep concrete-filled pit.
Eight steel rails rest above the casket and a final layer of concrete was
poured on top. At the request of Pullman's wife, Pullman architect Solon Beman
designed the gravestone.
Can be
that Chicago is wonderful city, but too many dreams collapsed here, too much
work was done and too many results. Maybe this is the lack of education? For
that we need a help of a strong educational city with a famous university. And
here it is! We are moving to Boston!
6. Boston. City or University?
Boston
University - independent, coeducational, and non-sectarian -- is an internationally
recognized institution of higher education and research located along the banks
of the Charles River and adjacent to the historic Back Bay district of Boston.
With
more than 30,000 students from all 50 states and 135 countries, it is one of
the largest independent universities in the United States. For over 150 years,
Boston University has anticipated the changing needs of its students while
serving the greater needs of society.
As one
of the nation's premier research universities, Boston University believes that
all students benefit by learning from dedicated teachers who are actively
engaged in original research. The University's learning environment is further
enriched by an extraordinary array of direct involvements with the broader
artistic, economic, social, intellectual, and educational life of the
community. These relationships provide a distinctly practical edge the
University's educational and research programs, while enhancing the life and
vitality of one of the world's great cities.
Boston University's
policies provide for equal opportunity and affirmative action in employment and
admission to all programs of the University.
But not
only Boston University exist in Boston. There is also famous Northwestern
University. Northeastern University is a private, research university (Carnegie
Classification Research II), offering a comprehensive range of undergraduate
and graduate programs leading to degrees through the doctorate.
A world
leader in practice-oriented education, Northeastern emphasizes educational
programs that link classroom learning with workplace experience and integrate
professional preparation with study in the liberal arts and sciences. Northeastern's main campus is situated on 67
acres in Boston's cultural district, the Avenue of the Arts, between the Museum
of Fine Arts and Symphony Hall. It consists of 41 academic and administrative
buildings and 27 dormitory and residential buildings.
And of
course Harward! The dream University. The graduators of
Harvard never agree to accept the jog if the salary be less than 100 000
dollars per year. Really here the dreams comes true!
Harvard
College was named for its first benefactor, John Harvard of Charlestown, a
young minister who, upon his death in 1638, left half his estate to a new
institution established in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the
Massachusetts Bay Colony.
The
expression "every tub on its own bottom" is often used to describe the
decentralized organization and financial arrangement of the 9 faculties
overseeing Harvard's 12 schools and colleges. Each faculty is headed by a Dean,
who is appointed by the President, and each is directly responsible for its own
finances and organization. In addition to the nine faculties, Harvard is also
home to the new Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, a major research and
educational center where men and women pursue advanced work in all fields and
disciplines. The University Administration supports the activities of the
faculties and other operations on a University-wide basis.
The
faculties are:
1)
Faculty of Arts and Sciences includes:
Harvard
College
Graduate
School of Arts and Sciences
Division
of Continuing Education
2)
Faculty of Medicine includes:
Medical
School
School
of Dental Medicine
3)
Graduate School of Business Administration
4)
Graduate School of Design
5)
Divinity School
6)
Graduate School of Education
7) John
F. Kennedy School of Government
8) Law
School
9)
School of Public Health
The
Harvard Medical School moved to Boston from Cambridge around 1810, finding its
permanent home on Longwood Avenue in 1906. It was later joined by the School of
Dental Medicine and the School of Public Health.
Located
nearby in the Harvard Medical Area are the Countway Library of Medicine and
several Harvard-affiliated teaching hospitals - Children's, Beth Israel
Deaconess Medical Center, Brigham and Women's, the Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, the Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Massachusetts Mental Health
Center.
These
independent institutions provide teaching and advanced training to students
enrolled in the Schools and are, at the same time, outstanding health-care
facilities for the community and world-renowned centers of medical research.
Other Harvard-affiliated teaching hospitals include Massachusetts General
Hospital, the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Spaulding Rehabilitation
Hospital, Cambridge Hospital, McLean Hospital, and Mount Auburn Hospital.
The
Harvard Business School was established in 1908. Its campus buildings,
constructed in 1927, are situated on the Boston side of the Charles River in
Allston. Also just across the river from Cambridge is the 92-acre Soldiers
Field Athletic Area, where most of the University's playing fields and athletic
facilities are located.
Harvard
values its positive relationship with Boston and in 1999 agreed to increase its
voluntary payments in lieu of taxes to the city by 45 percent over the next 20
years. Through the 20/20/2000 Initiative, announced in November 1999, Harvard
will provide $20 million in low-interest loans to area nonprofit agencies. The
money will be used to create or preserve housing for Massachusetts residents.
The University is also cooperating with Boston to preserve affordable housing,
adopting plans for new Business School dormitories so fewer students will
occupy valuable off-campus housing, and has transferred ownership of its
Mission Hill housing development to its tenants' association.
After
George Washington's Continental Army forced the British to leave Boston in
March 1776, the Harvard Corporation and Overseers voted on April 3, 1776, to
confer an honorary degree upon the general, who accepted it that very day
(probably at his Cambridge headquarters in Craigie House). Washington next
visited Harvard in 1789, as the first U.S. president. Since then, a few other
men who were, or were to become U.S. presidents, have received honorary
degrees:
John
Adams, 1781
Thomas
Jefferson, 1787
James
Monroe, 1817 John Quincy Adams, 1822
Andrew
Jackson, 1833
Ulysses
S. Grant, 1872
William
Howard Taft, 1905
Woodrow
Wilson, 1907
Herbert
C. Hoover, 1917
Theodore
Roosevelt, 1919
Franklin
D. Roosevelt, 1929
Dwight
D. Eisenhower, 1946
John F.
Kennedy, 1956
Very
impressing, very! And now after all that educational and
historic tours we need a little relaxation. For some people life is always
relaxation: beaches, sun, sea and blue sky. Wellcome to Miami!
7. Miami. Wellcome to Paradise!
Miami
has it all. A great climate which makes it a great vacation spot all year
round, exciting attractions, professional sports teams, art, history, museums,
and all of the nature parks and education you could ask for. The tropical
climate provides attractions that are found on only a few places. Ocean life,
alligators, snakes, and tropical vegetation are found in many exhibits and
museums around Miami.
Miami
has many local activities & attractions. Amusement parks, deep-sea fishing,
boat rides, sightseeing, fine dining, professional football, dolphin watching,
marine museums, and that is not all. You can spend hours, days, or weeks
entertaining yourselves and your family without having to travel more than a
few minutes in any direction. Nighttime entertainment includes: music and dance
clubs with music ranging from smooth sounding jazz to lively disco, comedy
clubs, concerts, theater, opera, symphony and movies. Even with all that to do,
virtually no one comes to Miami without taking a stroll along the beach. Come,
have fun, and enjoy.
Whether
you're on budget or not, you should be able to find affordable accommodations
in Miami anytime of the year.
While
visiting Miami you'll never go hungry for quality food or shopping. Miami
offers lots of great restaurants that will please anyone's appetite. You can
eat everything from seafood to sushi and do it with a fantastic ocean view.
Restaurants serving Italian, French, American, and Seafood can all be found
close by. If shopping is what you are looking for you are in luck. Miami has
everything from your department store chain to local gift shops. Shopping here
is great for everyday items as well as the special gift items you are looking
for.
Miami
has everything you are looking for. After a day at the beaches or attractions
you may want to relax at one of Miami's many cocktail lounges. Do you have more
energy? Visit night clubs ranging from hard rock to the blues for a night of
dancing and entertainment. Clubs with live music and shows are also on the menu
for visitors who want to finish their day watching a great performance. No
matter what you are looking for when the sun goes down, Miami has it to offer.
Wonderful
life! And at the end of our great trip we could’t forget also to visit Salt
Lake City, the capital of 2002 Olimpic games.
8. Salt Lake City. Home of Olimpic magie.
Visible from points all over the city,
massive banners depicting athletes in action adorn various buildings in
downtown Salt Lake City, home of the 2002 Olympic Winter Games. Some visitors
suffer from the effects of the high altitude and experience a period of
altitude adjustment. The decreased oxygen in the air at higher altitudes may
cause altitude sickness. Symptoms may include headache, dizziness,
breathlessness, fatigue, dry cough, loss of appetite, nausea and sleeplessness.
Weather
conditions in the Salt Lake area can change quickly. A strong wind can cause
the body to lose heat much more quickly, possibly leading to hypothermia.
Spectators may avoid these scenarios by properly dressing for events held at
the outdoor venues. Salt Lake’s elevation is 4,330 feet above sea level at the
valley floor and 5,200 feet in the foothills. Nine major ski resorts, three
cross country ski areas and the nation’s only recreational ski jumping complex
are less than an hour’s drive from downtown. Seven million people visit the
Salt Lake area each year. Salt Lake City is the largest city ever to host
winter Olympic games.
Oh,
yes, we had really very great tour accross all the America and find a lot of
wonderful places where is possible to live. But it was true when one of the
wise people said, that your home is where you heart is. Each city has its
speciality, beauty and history, in every city is very good to live with all
possible comfort. But the question: where is your home? still remains. Soon
Salt Lake City becomes the home for millons of people coming to see greatest
event in American history.
Список литературы
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