Кафедра: АСОИиУ
Лабораторная работа
(на английском языке)
Understanding Maya
Maya
Maya is a character animation and visual effects system designed forthe professional animator. Built on a procedural architecture called theDependency graph, Maya offers incredible power and flexibility for generatingdigital images of animated characters and scenes. As soon as you launch Mayaand begin clicking on the various icons and menus, you begin to get a sense ofthe possibilities that lie ahead. This tutorial book is designed to quicklymake those possibilities real by giving you hands-on experience with Maya asyou complete a series of project-focused lessons. This book is designed toteach you how to work in MayaOs integrated environment. In each project, youwill model, animate, texture map, add visual effects and render. Shown beloware the four projects that you will be animating as you complete this book:
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GettingStarted: Bouncing Ball
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Project One: Salty the Seal
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Project Two:Space Battle
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Project Three: Primitive ManUnderstanding Maya
To understand Maya, it helps to understand how Maya works at aconceptual level. This introduction is designed to give you the story aboutMaya. This means that the focus of this introduction will be on how differentMaya concepts are woven together to create an integrated workspace. While thisbook teaches you how to model, animate and render in Maya, these concepts aretaught with a particular focus on how MayaOs underlying architecture supportsthe creation of animated sequences. You will soon learn how MayaOs architecturecan be explained using a single line. nodes with attributes that are connected.As you work through this book, the meaning of that statement becomes clearerand you will learn to appreciate how MayaOs interface lets you focus on the actof creation, while giving you access to the power inherent in the underlyingarchitecture.
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A typical Maya workspace layoutThe user interface
The Maya user interface includes a number of tools, editors andcontrols. You can access these using the main menus or using specialcontext-sensitive marking menus. You can also use shelves to store importanticons or hotkeys to speed up workflow. Maya is designed to let you configurethe user interface as you see fit.
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To work with objects, you can enter values using coordinate entry oryou can use more interactive 3D manipulators. Manipulator handles let you edityour objects with a simple click-drag.
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MayaOs user interface supports multiple levels of undo and redo andincludes a drag anddrop paradigm for accessing many parts of the workspace.
You will learn how to use the various user interface elements inLesson One and the Working in 3D.
In Maya, you will build and animate objects in three dimensions. Thesedimensions are defined by the cardinal axes which are labeled as X, Y and Z. Theserepresent the length (X), height (Y) and depth (Z) of your scene. These axesare represented by colors.
red for X, green for Y and blue for Z.
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The cardinal axes
In Maya, the Y-axis is pointing up which is also referred to as Y-up.
As you position, scale and rotate your objects, these three axeswill serve as your main points of reference. The center of this coordinatesystem is called the origin and has a value of 0, 0, 0.UV coordinate space
As you build surfaces in Maya, they are created with their owncoordinate space that is define by U in one direction and V in another. You canuse these coordinates when you are working with curve on surface objects orwhen you are positioning textures on a surface. One corner of the surface actsas the origin of the system and all coordinates lie directly on the surface. Youcan make surfaces live in order to work directly in the UV coordinate space. Youwill also encounter U and V attributes when you place textures onto surfaces.
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In Maya, you visualize your scenes using view panels that let yousee into the 3D world.
Perspective views let you see your scene as if you were looking atit with your own eyes or through the lens of a camera.
Orthographic views are parallel to the scene and offer a moreobjective view. They focus on two axes at a time and are referred to as the Top,Side and Front views.
In many cases, you will require several views to help you define theproper location of your objects. An objectOs position that looks good in theTop view may not make sense in a Side view. Maya lets you view multiple viewsat one time to help coordinate what you see.Perspective view
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Orthographic viewsCameras
To achieve a particular view, you look through a digital camera. Anorthographic camera defines the view using a parallel plane and a directionwhile a perspective camera uses an eye point, a look at point and a focallength.
Orthographic camera
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Perspective camera
Perspective and orthographic camerasImage planes
When you work with cameras, it is possible to place special backdropobjects called.
Image planes onto the camera. An image plane can be placed onto thecamera so that as the camera moves, the plane stays aligned.
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The image plane has several attributes that allow you to track andscale the image. These attributes can be animated to give the appearance thatthe plane is moving.
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