England
England is often subdivided into
three parts: the South, the Midlands and the North.
The South. The landscape is varied.
The climate is warmer than in the other areas. There are hundreds of miles of
sea coast which vary from flat, sandy or stony beaches to high rocky cliffs.
The mild and sunny climate makes the south coast popular with holiday-makers.
Some coastal resorts are famous, Brighton among them.
Somerset, Devon and Cornwall are
rural counties, tucked away with hidden fishing hamlets and Britain's warmest
weather in winter. There are high, bare hills, rock and deep wooded valleys.
Inland, the landscape is gentle and
green; it is famous for its fertile farmland, the calm, tranquil and quiet
beauty of its countryside.
One of the most beautiful counties
in the South of England is certainly Kent. It is known as the Garden of
England, because it is famous for its picturesque orchards which produce a lot
of fruit and vegetables.
Another area which has some of the
richest farmland in the country is known as the Fens and lies to the east of
Cambridge.
This land was drained and now the
Fen Country consists of miles of flat land with almost no trees or hedges.
In general, the South is wealthier
than other areas of Britain. Work of all kinds is provided on the land, in
trade and industry. British Aerospace has factories building aeroplanes in several
parts of the South. Lots of people are involved in service industries including
financial, business and government services, computer services and information
systems. There are science-based companies and research organizations.
The Midlands. The Midlands Region
has much farming land, but this part of the country is better known as an
industrial area, one of England's most productive regions.
Birmingham which is often called
'the Big Heart of England', is the most important city of the Midlands. It is
the second largest city in the United Kingdom. Birmingham and the neighbouring
industrial city of Coventry are famous for engineering, especially car
production.
Derby is another engineering centre.
Rolls Royce make aero engines and cars there.
The Potteries is another industrial
area in the Midlands. It lies around the city of Stoke-on-Trent and produces
china, crockery and all kinds of ceramics, some of which are famous worldwide,
Wedgwood among them.
The West Midlands, another
industrialized area where there are many collieries and steelworks, is known as
the Black Country because of the black smoke and blackened buildings there.
In contrast, the Midlands region has
some beautiful picturesque countryside in the Peak District with its National
Park.
The North. The weather is
considerably colder. There is almost always snow in winter.
This is a region of great natural
beauty although industry of some kind has existed here for hundreds of years.
There is a great contrast in the North between the beautiful open, hilly
countryside and the industrial towns and mining villages.
In parts of the North — in Yorkshire
particularly — there are gentle wooded valleys and green pastures and excellent
farming land. West Yorkshire is very good country for sheep-farming, and it has
long been Britain's most important area for the wool industry.
Coal is one of the few natural
resources found in the North of England.
Some famous industrial cities in the
North are Manchester, Sheffield, Leeds and Newcastle-on-Tyne.
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