Джонатан Свифт (англ)

Dzhonatan Swift (Swift, Jonathan) (1667 1745) - an english satirist, church figure, publicist. Was born the November 30 1667 in Dublin in english family. The Father Swift not дожил before birth of the, and education Dzhonatana concerned with his(its) uncle, Goduin Swift. Swift has got best from available in Ireland of that time formation in school county

Kilkenni first, then in dublin Triniti-college, where was awarded baccalaureate art in 1686. The Blast of the violence, захлестнувшего Ireland in 1689, has compelled Swift to search for the sanctum in England. The secretary сэра Uiliyama Templa became By the end of the same year Swift, retired diplomat and man of letters, жившего in

Rubbishes-Park, in county Surrey. Swift remained on this job titles before death сэра Uiliyama at January 1699. During one of their own absence from Rubbishes-Parka, in 1695, Swift was рукоположен in priests Anglikanskoy церкви and the whole following year served in Kilrute, on north of the Ireland. By the end of this period of the lifes

Swift has practically finished one of their own знаменитых satirical product, Fairy tale of the barrel (A Tale of A Tub, 1704). Fairy tale of the barrel left in light without instruction of the name of the author and has made much noises, having bolted for Swift glory острослова after his(its) authorship was revealled. Many from his(its) compositions stright put the будоражащие society questions.

In its first pamphlet Discords and strifes in Athens and Rome (The Contests and Dissentions at Athens and Rome, 1701) Swift has emerged with theory about due balance between corona and both chamber of the parliament. So внятно have sounded Considerations англиканского церковника (Sentiments of a Church of England Man). In political outlooks (about than witness his(its) pamphlets), either as in

their own party inclination, Swift remained more close to вигам, and exactly as biting вига and man of letters Addison and Style attracted him(it) to participation in journal Tatler . However Swift has soon felt that policy government вигов goes not on profit Anglikanskoy церкви so, when in 1710году to the authorities came the tory, Swift перешQл on their side. The Government tory addressed with such powerful instrument, as grant

of the political writer, more skilfully, than chieftain вигов, and have entrusted him its journal Ekzaminer . In article, published in Ekzaminere , and in such pamphlet, as Behaviour ally (The Conduct of the Allies, 1711), Swift protects the tory and renders powerful support a step government, directed to completion of the war with France. The Award for this became the purpose him(it) in 1713 abbot (the dean) of the cathedral sv.

Patrika in Dublin encouragement generous though he hoped on епископство or on place of the abbot of big receipts in England. The Worries of these years alongside with detail his(its) everyday life brightly запечатлены in Diary book for Stelly (Journal to Stella) meeting of the letters, addressed Ester Johnson and her(its) компаньонке Rebekke Dingli. With both lady Swift got acquainted in Rubbishes-Park, but at the beginning initially 1710-h years

they veins in Dublin. After death of the queen Anny and return вигов to the authorities Swift has left in Ireland, where, not to count towards two short arrivals in England, remained before the end of the lifes. Some time he secluded veins in Dublin, however in 1720 newly began be interested by public deals. The Publication Letters суконщика (Drapier's Letters,

1724) with frantic attacks on row financial action, which was going to to conduct in Ireland government R. Uolpola, Swift has confirmed itself as выразителя hopes of irish folk. In the other pamphlet sometimes worldly artless, sometimes sharply satirical, as Modest offer (A Modest Proposal, 1729), he reveals social-economic disasters, torn apart Ireland in 18 ages. In 1720 1736 is written many best his(its) poetries, замысел books

Journeys Gullivera (Gulliver's Travels) was incarnate at years, directly preceded her(its) publications in 1726. moderate;temper Dzhonatan Swift October 19 1745. As publicist Swift has little equal in histories english literature. The Success his(its) is partly explained his(its) prosaic stiletto, which he владел in a masterful fashion. He повезло since time: he veins in epoch, when from language has left причудливость раннеанглийской

of the prose, and in ditto time language his(its) time not yet smooth, combed speech стилизаторов 18 ages. The Prose Swift does not выпячивает itself this always strong, direct, clear and very effective statement on elected subjects. So, in Ekzaminere we see, as is it from day to day changed tone of his(its) utterances depending on under discussion subject, and in Letter суконщика he adapts the style to that public group, which wanted to brush against this product.

As propagandist and political agitator Swift had an no adversary at lifes, remaining and on сей day one of the the most great master of the literature of this sort. The Satirical prose his(its) most main achievement. Like all authentic satirist, Swift first of all moralist, exposing depravity and foolishness of the sort human into the name of добродетели and good sense.

At first thought, Journeys Gullivera this tale about amusing adventures, book for детей. Indeed this - a deep satire: Swift shows the неразумие of the people and herewith closely responds on social-political situation in England 18 ages. First Gulliver falls into Liliputiyu, country dwarves. The Political strifes, courtier of the intrigue, small-minded envy of the inhabitants

Liliputii look particularly to be laughable in so tiny society. Then he visits Brobdingneg, country enormous, as towers, великанов. When he glorifies before them England, this amuses them in the same way, as his(its) made laugh the vanity an лилипутов. On move of its third journey Gulliver visits the flying island Laputu (the Island Sorcerer) and the land Strulidbrugov.

Folk of these countries дошли before limit scientist pedantry and literary буквализма, донельзя have perverted the history, without the end her(its) copying, have got to know проклятье is woke;waked so wanted immortalities. Finally Gulliver makes the journey in country гуигнгнмов, where shift to the right noble and extremely reasonable, which are a servant йеху, звероподобные of the creation in human обличье, humiliated so that their type, either as behaviour, spare once are indicative of that, how low can

mouth of the person if will allow the passion to dominate on reason. Journeys Gullivera , on essences of the deal, programme manifesto Swift-satirist