Реферат по предмету "Иностранный язык"


Prehistory And The First Civil Essay Research

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In the overall of view of Prehistory and The First Civilizations, the evolution of citizens with animate and inanimate objects emerged to bring about a soceity.

The soceity initially consisted of humans, whose need to survive was acknowledged and learned. The Paleothic people devised a means of nourishing survival by hunting and gathering eatable nourishment to sustain their lives. Ways of obtaining such nourishment transcended from generation to generation by passing down the use of the earth, in the form of stones, to kill their prey for the establishment of the human force as the superior being of the time. In addition to using stone for nutriment, these people used it to clothe their people and to communicate via carved pictures. Once the establishment of human superiority was consistent, the generation that followed improved upon those uses by learning to reproduce the nourishment.

That generation is known as the Neolithic people. These people learned that by planting the seeds of the food that was gathered, it could be consistently and abundantly produced naturally. Throughout the course of this new-found soceity, the next generation looked to supernatural forces as an explanatory reason for the successes and failures of their environment.

The supernatural faith in animism, monotheism, and pantheism prescribed a system of ritualistic beliefs that were defined by the actions of the people and the resulting consequences. All the faiths sought out divinity for the answers to questions that mankind was unable to clearly define. In an effort to decrease the amount of subjectivity left for interpretation, the next civilization equated materialist success, or the lack thereof, to their relationship with their gods. They each believed that their faith allowed them the superiorty necessary to dictate law and order.

Those civilizations established judicial systems based primarily on the social standing of the different cultures within their society. In their individual faith systems, they defined their laws fundamentally on the basis of the moral character of those groups. Although the foundation of each cultures beliefs were ultimately synonymous, their interpretations of its existence were distinct in its engagement. All appointed either ornaments or individuals as a representative leader of their beliefs.

The progress of civilization is best defined by its evolution from hunters and gatherers to farmers and cultivators to believers in supernaturalism and on to the establishment of social order. These collective equations of organizational characteristics is what set human beings apart from other animals and which lead to further practicalities of sustained existence.




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