Реферат по предмету "Иностранный язык"


Nostradamus Essay Research Paper NostradamusNostradamus How Accurate

Nostradamus Essay, Research Paper

Nostradamus

Nostradamus: How Accurate Were His Predictions

Is it possible to see into the future? Many believe

that a man named Michel de Nostradamus could. His

predictions of the future have mystified scholars for over

four hundred years. Nostradamus made over one thousand

predictions and historians say that over half of them have

already come true. The most startling of his predictions

deal with the coming of three anti-Christ s. My paper will

focus on these prophecies made by Michel de Nostradamus and

see how accurate they were. If his predictions of the past

are accurate, then his predictions for the future may also

come true.

In order to establish Nostradamus’ credibility, it is

important to know facts concerning his actual life. Michel

de Nostradamus was born in 1503 in St. Remy de Provence,

France. The young Michel was brought up as a Catholic.

Being a brilliant student, Michel learned classical

languages, mathematics, and astrology from his grandfather.

Later he decided to pursue medicine and enrolled at the

University of Montpellier. As a skilled physician, he

became famous for his amazing success in treating victims

of a deadly plague. In 1532, Nostradamus got married and

had children, but the terrible plague that Nostradamus

himself had helped to fight returned killing his wife and

children. Deeply depressed, Nostradamus spent the next six

years wandering around France and Italy. This is when he

began to notice and take account of his strange prophetic

gifts. While wandering through Italy, Nostradamus

encountered a group of Franciscan monks. Standing aside to

let them pass Nostradamus suddenly exclaimed and threw

himself on his knees, bowing his head and clutching at the

garment of one of the monks. The monk, named Felice

Peretti, was a former swine herder of very lowly birth.

When asked why he had done such a silly act, Nostradamus

replied, “I must yield myself and bow before his Holiness.”

Nineteen years after the death of Nostradamus, Peretti

became Pope Sixtus V (Randi 25).

Many such stories arose as testimony to Nostradamus’

alleged psychic powers. In one account, the visionary was

challenged by a skeptic, the Seigneur de Florinville,

while staying at his chateau in the province of Lorraine.

Nostradamus was shown two suckling pigs, one black, the

other white. Florinville then asked Nostradamus to predict

which they would eat that night for supper. Nostradamus

replied they would eat the black pig. Florinville then

told the cook to prepare the white pig. That evening at

dinner, Nostradamus was again asked which pig they were

eating, and again he replied the black one. Florinville

asked the cook to tell which pig it was that they were

eating. The cook said that while preparing the white pig a

tamed wolf cub had wandered into the kitchen and devoured

it. The cook then slaughtered the remaining black pig and

prepared it for the dinner (Randi 26).

In 1555, Nostradamus published the first of ten books,

all entitled Centuries. Each volume contained 100

predictions written in four line verses known as quatrains.

He wrote in his native French but to protect himself from

the superstitious which hunters of the day, he confused the

verse with Latin, Greek, and even anagrams. He saw these

predictions by looking into a black mirror that he had. He

would go into his study, which he let no one else into.

While in here he would stare into his black mirror or even

a pool of water in a bowl, when this is done it seems that

you stare into infinite and it can result in seeing things,

which he did.

These quotes were taken from a source on the Internet,

which dealt with the rise of the two anti-Christ s and the

prediction of the third. Throughout Nostradamus’ quatrains

he speaks of three powerful and tyrannical leaders that he

calls anti-Christ s. He said they would lead their people

through reigns of terror after first seducing them with

promises of greatness. Napoleon is thought to have been

the first of these anti-Christ s. Of Napoleon’s rise to

power and years as Emperor Nostradamus wrote:

An Emperor shall be born near Italy.

Who shall cost the Empire dear,

They shall say, with what people he keeps company

He shall be found less a Prince than a butcher.

(Morgana’s)

Napoleon, who was considered a butcher, certainly cost the

Empire dearly in both manpower and political

strength.

From a simple soldier he will rise to the empire,

From the short robe he will attain the long.

Great swarms of bees shall arise. (Morgana’s)

After becoming Emperor, Napoleon adopted the beehive as his

imperial crest. (Morgana’s)

Some scholars say that Nostradamus was referring to

Napoleon’s destruction of Moscow when he wrote:

A great troop shall come through Russia.

The destroyer shall ruin a city. (Paranormal)

Napoleon’s forces drove too far and got trapped in the

Russian winter. The following verse resembles what could

have been Napoleon’s retreat across the icy part of Russia.

(Paranormal)

The rear guard will make defense.

The exhausted ones will die in the white territory.

(Paranormal)

Nostradamus made other predictions of Napoleon’s fate:

The great Empire will soon be exchanged for a small

place.

Which will soon begin to grow.

A small place of tiny area in the middle of which

He will come to lay down his scepter. (Paranormal)

The captive prince, conquered, is sent to Elba;

He will sail across the Gulf of Genoa to Marseilles.

By a great effort of the foreign forces he is

overcome,

Though he escaped the fire, his bees yield blood by

the barrel.

Napoleon was exiled to the small island of Elba but escaped

for 100 days. After a defeat at Waterloo he relinquished

all power for exile on tiny St. Helena. (Paranormal)

So with Napoleon he was accurate in predicting his rise to

power and his invasions and his defeats.

The second anti-Christ Nostradamus wrote about was “a

man stained with murder…the great enemy of the human

race…one who was worse than any who had gone

before…bloody and inhuman.” (Nostradamus) Experts agree

that Nostradamus was referring to Adolf Hitler.

Out of the deepest part of the west of Europe,

From poor people a young child shall be born,

Who with his tongue shall seduce many people,

His fame shall increase in the Eastern Kingdom.

(Paranormal)

Adolf Hitler, born in Austria of poor parents, with his

knowledge of mob psychology and powers of speech, was

successful in seducing many people, even in the Eastern

Empire of Japan. In some quatrains Nostradamus refers to

Hitler as the child or sometimes captain of Germany.

(Morgana’s) Here are two examples:

He shall come to tyrannize the land.

He shall raise up a hatred that had long been dormant.

The child of Germany observes no law.

Cries, and tears, fire, blood, and battle. (Morgana’s)

A captain of Germany shall come to yield himself by

false hope,

So that his revolt shall cause great bloodshed.

(Morgana’s)

All of these images certainly describe Adolf Hitler. After

seducing his people, Hitler ignored all treaties and began

a massive invasion of Europe (Morgana’s). In the following

verse, some experts say that Nostradamus actually referred

to Hitler by name but missed by one letter.

Beasts wild with hunger will cross the rivers

The greater part of the battlefield will be against

Hister. (Morgana’s)

Finally, Nostradamus sums up Hitler’s life and even

predicts the fact that his death in Berlin in 1945 would

never be satisfactorily confirmed:

Near the Rhine from the Austrian mountains

Will be born a great man of the people, come too late.

A man who will defend Poland and Hungary

And whose fate will never be certain (Morgana’s).

So as can be seen by these predictions, Nostradamus was

extremely accurate with Hitler, he even practically spelled

his name out and even predicted that his death wasn t ever

certain which is true.

According to Nostradamus, the first two anti-Christ s

were extremely evil, and history has shown this to be so

however, Nostradamus speaks of a third anti-Christ who is

more hideous than all the others combined. Some say Sudaam

Hussein, the dictator from Iraq, could be this evil tyrant.

Others say that he has not yet appeared. What does

Nostradamus say about this third anti-Christ? First,

Nostradamus tells us he will come from the Middle East.

Out of the country of Greater Arabia

Shall be born a strong master of Mohammed…

He will enter Europe wearing a blue turban.

He will be the terror of mankind.

Never more horror (Paranormal).

Here, Nostradamus says that a man from Greater Arabia will

lead his forces on an invasion through Europe. This

invasion will start a third world war that will be far

worse than all the other wars put together (Roberts). When

will all this take place? In one quatrain Nostradamus

gives us an exact date in which the war will be well under

way.

In the year 1999 and seven months

From the sky will come the great King of Terror.

He will bring back to life the King of the Mongols;

Before and after war reigns. (Roberts)

Nostradamus predicts the war will begin shortly before the

year 1999 (Roberts). He also tells us how long the war

will last.

The war will last seven and twenty years. (Roberts)

Nostradamus says that the war will be so terrible that

the world will come face to face with final annihilation.

Here, he implies that the war might involve some kind of

horrible weapon, possibly nuclear (Roberts). Nostradamus

tells what the first target will be.

The sky will burn at forty-five degrees.

Fire approaches the great new city (Roberts).

In this phrase, Nostradamus refers to a great city in the

new world of America near forty-five degrees latitude.

Experts agree this could only be New York (Roberts).

By fire he will destroy their city,

A cold and cruel heart,

Blood will pour,

Mercy to none. (Roberts)

Although Nostradamus ’s predictions for our future

sound frightening he does give us some hope by telling us

how this third world war will end. He says it will end as

a result of an unexpected alliance (Paranormal).

When those of the Northern Pole are united,

In the East will be great fear and dread…

One day the two great leaders will be friends;

Their great powers will be seen to grow.

The New Land will be at the height of its power:

To the man of blood the number is reported.

(Paranormal)

The new land was a common term used by Nostradamus to refer

to what we now call America. The countries of the northern

pole could be Russia and the United States. We have

recently seen the breakdown of Communism in Russia and an

increasing friendship between Russia and the U.S.

Were Nostradamus predictions true? It sure seems like

it, but the only problem with that now is; will his future

predictions of a third world war be true? There are some

that say that the seeming accuracy of his quatrains is a

result of their quick interpretations (Randi). Still, more

than four hundred books and essays about his prophecies

have been published since his death in 1566, along with a

lot of articles and other commentaries, in numerous

languages (Randi). Even skeptics pay careful attention to

Nostradamus’ predictions of the three anti-Christ s. Since

Nostradamus predictions seem to be extraordinarily

accurate we should take notice of his words about the

future. Perhaps we can prevent the monotonous fate

Nostradamus seems to have predicted so accurately for us.

31e




Не сдавайте скачаную работу преподавателю!
Данный реферат Вы можете использовать для подготовки курсовых проектов.

Поделись с друзьями, за репост + 100 мильонов к студенческой карме :

Пишем реферат самостоятельно:
! Как писать рефераты
Практические рекомендации по написанию студенческих рефератов.
! План реферата Краткий список разделов, отражающий структура и порядок работы над будующим рефератом.
! Введение реферата Вводная часть работы, в которой отражается цель и обозначается список задач.
! Заключение реферата В заключении подводятся итоги, описывается была ли достигнута поставленная цель, каковы результаты.
! Оформление рефератов Методические рекомендации по грамотному оформлению работы по ГОСТ.

Читайте также:
Виды рефератов Какими бывают рефераты по своему назначению и структуре.

Сейчас смотрят :

Реферат Информационные технологии в управлении 4
Реферат Медведи 2
Реферат Изготовление типовой детали "фланец"
Реферат Спектри і спектральний аналіз
Реферат Medea Pursuasive Essay Essay Research Paper Medea
Реферат "Избранная рада" и опричнина Ивана IV Грозного: их влияние на развитие русской государственности в работах советских критиков
Реферат Стихотворение Пастернака Снег идет
Реферат Россия как субъект международных отношений
Реферат Анализ финансового состояния и пути его повышения
Реферат Закрытый перелом костей таза. История болезни
Реферат Основные законы геополитики
Реферат Реализация норм международного права
Реферат Основные принципы терапии ОКИ
Реферат Исследование зависимости прочности клеевых соединений от технологических параметров склеивания п
Реферат Использование средств массовой информации при установлении внешних связей организации на приме