Реферат по предмету "Иностранный язык"


Sightseeing tatarstan

Kazan


In 2005, the capital of Tatarstan celebrated its millennium. Kazan, with its impressive Kremlin, mosques, churches and rich museums, is a unique tourist attraction tourist routes along the Volga and included in the list of World Heritage Cities, awarded diplomas and medals of UNESCO. This is a city of theaters, museums, a city of music, international festivals, rich libraries, emerging technologies, business partnerships and the rich scientific potential.


Kazan Kremlin


Historical and architectural monument of the XVI-XVIIIv.v. On the territory of which the symbol of Kazan - Syuyumbike tower, the Annunciation Cathedral, the Presidential Palace, the mosque of Kul Sheriff. The total area of the Kremlin is about 150 thousand square meters. m, the outer perimeter of the walls - about 1800 m. According to UNESCO's decision, the Kazan Kremlin declared a World Heritage site as "an outstanding example of the synthesis of Tatar and Russian influences in architecture."


Bauman Street


Pedestrian street in the downtown area. Leads to the Kazan Kremlin. The ancient architecture coexists with soveremennyy design of urban streets of Europe. Business center of Kazan and the places where the entertainment and entertainment. The main attraction of the oldest streets of Kazan - the bell tower Church of the Epiphany (1756). Opposite the bell tower in 1999 was a monument to the great native of Kazan, Fyodor Chaliapin, who was baptized in the Church of the Epiphany.


Raif


At the heart of one of the sections of the Volga-Kama State Preserve is one of the jewels of Russian architecture of the XVII century - Raifskiy Virgin Monastery. Deserts in Raifa lake and river Bag founded Chudovskij ieromonahom Filaret. In 1928 the monastery was closed. Since 1992, he was reborn. In the monastery, 5 temples. Miraculous Icon of Our Lady of Georgia is its main shrine.


Island Grad Svijazhsk


The unique fortress city founded by Tsar Ivan the Terrible in 1551. As a unique holistic historical-cultural complex territorial ages 16-20 in 1990 Svijazhsk included in the new list of historic cities and settlements of the Russian Federation, in 1996, is included in the preliminary list of World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO in six categories: history, urban planning, architecture, icons, and murals, archeology, natural and anthropogenic landscape. On the island registered 21 monuments of federal significance.


Yelabuga


At 215 km from Kazan on the Kama River has one of the most poetic and intelligent cities of Tatarstan - Yelabuga. Lived and worked here NA Durova, II Shishkin, MI Tsvetaeva. A memorable place near Yelabuga - "Devil's" mound - the remains of a fortified settlement of tribes the second half. I millennium BC At 5 km from the city on the river Toima is world famous monument of the I millennium BC, Ananyinsky burial ground, which gave the name of an entire culture of the era of iron.


Bulgarians


At 140 km from Kazan on the left bank of the Volga River from a distance one could see the silhouettes of the white stone ruins. It is the remnants of the Great Bulgaria - one of the largest cities of once-powerful state of Volga Bulgaria. Today this place is the village of Bulgarians and a vast mound - an architectural monument of X-XV centuries. This historic land of the Volga Tatars, known in the Muslim world as the "Mecca of North" - a place of pilgrimage for believers.


Biliarska


At 150 km from Kazan is the capital of the ancient state of Volga Bulgaria - Bilyar. In the vicinity of Bilyar is an extraordinary place, situated in a beautiful forest at the foot of the mountain "Huzhalar tavy. From the hill stands out crystal clear spring water, converted into a place of worship and called the "Holy-key. It is the spiritual center, where coexist beliefs and practices of the three religions: Paganism, Islam and Christianity.


Peter and Paul Cathedral


Was erected in 1726 by merchant Mikhlyaev in memory of his visit Kazan Peter I. The complex consists of the bell tower and the building of the cathedral. The cathedral was built under the influence of stylistic directions, known as the Moscow Baroque. Unusually rich architectural, sculptural and pictorial decoration does not violate, and emphasizes the constructive scheme of the building. There is also preserved and elaborately decorated with carved and gilded wooden iconostasis (the first floor. XVIII century).



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