Role of Women in Society
The ongoing changes
in social, political and economic spheres of the country entails not only the
raise of women’s role in society, in addition they are accompanied by breaking
of stereotypes to treat human beings by sex that had been shaping through
decades. Free economic relations and
democratization of all spheres of life create the basis for eventual equal
social rights for any human being regardless of sex, for both men and women.
From a legal point of view, a man and a woman in
Russia are equal. However, in practice, there are no real mechanisms of women’s
rights fulfillment as well as for their active participation in social life.
Such questions as women and their place in the
society, their political and social activity as well as enlightening of those
problems in mass media; questions of creation of informational data-base as
well as maternity and childhood cannot be effectively solved by governmental
bodies, especially in the situation of economic crisis.
That is why it is important today to assist the
creation of such mechanisms through the activation of women’s public
organizations. And non-governmental charity organizations become a single
source for support of such projects.
Housework, chores and raising children are generally
considered to belong to a woman's domain. Despite the fact that birthrates in
the country have been falling, children are obstacles in the labor market. It
is understandable that women decide to defer having children later or do not
have children at all. Along with that, there is a lack of knowledge about
modern contraception and a correspondingly large number of abortions. The frequency
of abortions in Russia is one of the highest in the world.
Women comprise 54 percent of contemporary Russian
society. However, the number of women taking part in the country's political,
economic and civic life shows that women are restricted in the spheres of
politics and government. Women's salaries are on average lower than men's, and
women are likewise far more likely to fall victim to violence and unemployment.
According to United Nations Gender Organization data, 67 percent of those
unemployed in Russia are women.
A lack of state financing in social programs has
caused further tightening in the labor market, particularly for women. Female
unemployment is rising at a catastrophically high rate. Women have less access
to retraining programs than men, while women entrepreneurs are a rarity.
Women's social status is a serious problem. Few female
decision-makers can be found in positions of social importance. This
strengthens the stereotype of "male superiority" and hinders the
creation of true partnerships between men and women.
One of the most important reflections of equity is
equal rights in the labor market. Analysis of existing legislation of Russia
confirms its prohibition on gender discrimination. However, legislation itself
creates only a certain legal environment, certain conditions for equality, but
does not ensure their fulfillment.
So,The main goals are protection of women’s rights and
elimination of discrimination in society; widening women’s participation in
policy decision-making processes on the local, regional and national levels;
support for cooperation between women’s organizations on the national and
international arenas; widening access to international resources and experience
of women’s organizations on an international level.
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